Transformed instinct: drives and reason in transcendental philosophy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33361/RPQ.2026.v.14.n.39.1512Keywords:
Transcendental philosophy, Drive, Passivity, Habit, Fichte, HusserlAbstract
This paper offers a conceptual and historical reconstruction of the process of the transcendentalization of drive (Trieb) in Fichte’s philosophy and examines its reception and further development in Husserl’s phenomenology. It argues that, from his early Jena writings to the Tatsachen des Bewusstseins, Fichte conceives of drive as a fundamental structure of rational activity, capable of articulating the relation between subject and world. Husserl takes up this intuition and integrates it into a theory of reason in which instinctual life and rational intentionality are seen as complementary dimensions of consciousness. The analysis focuses on the roles of drive, habit, and passivity in the constitution of meaning, showing how these elements pave the way for a reformulation of the material conditions of transcendental philosophy. By discussing the concept of affordance and its connection to the structure of experience, the article highlights the contemporary relevance of this debate, demonstrating how transcendental philosophy can engage critically with cognitive science while retaining its reflective core. This investigation thus provides an original perspective on the genesis of rationality grounded in the pre-reflective layers of subjectivity.
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